To Ship Free...or Not?

Free Shipping is a staple promotion among online retailers and for good reason. A recent PayPal and comScore study showed that 43% of shoppers abandoned shopping carts because of shipping costs. That leaves 57% of shoppers who started a shopping cart to go through your checkout process and dropoff because of other reasons (i.e. taxes, price shopping, etc.). Depending on numerous factors, your conversion rate may be around the 2% range.

Free Shipping may be more of a drain on retailers’ bottom line nowadays because of rising fuel costs. Recently, UPS updated their fuel surcharges to as high as 32% for air shipments! So this opens up a variety of questions for an online retailer that wants to increase (or at least maintain) year over year revenue numbers in this not-so-favorable economic climate.

Should I Keep Free Shipping?
Dig into your numbers and see what impact free shipping has on order volume, conversion rate, average order value, shipping costs, shipping revenue and margin before and after the fuel prices rose. If these numbers were favorable before fuel prices became burdensome then you need to consider keeping the promotion active and changing some qualifiers. After all, this is a temporary (not sure how temporary) situation and economic downturns are an opportunity to gain market share and grow rapidly when the economy turns around.

I have always approached free shipping promotions as a way to boost order volume, units per transaction, average order value and conversion. To do this I put in minimum order values to qualify for the promotion. There are multiple factors to consider, including: average online order value, shipping discounts you receive and your competition.

As a rule of thumb, I start with the minimum qualifying order value as the online average order value. Then I look at what increase in AOV I’d need to achieve to offset the lost shipping revenue to maintain a favorable margin. In most cases this has turned out to be 15% more than current online AOV. What you’ll find is that you may realize a 40% increase in actual AOV from the promotion.

Your shipping discounts and competition will weigh in on where you actually set the minimum order qualifier. If you ship out large volumes with UPS or FedEx you probably get great discounts. If not, renegotiate your rates with your rep and be sure to use their competitors to your advantage (i.e. tell your UPS rep that you’re strongly looking at FedEx for ground shipments and vice versa). If your own competition is offer free shipping at lower order amounts then you need to see what you can do to get near that level because you want to take away their customers. This leads into the next question….

What Alternatives Do I have?
To cut down on your shipping costs and offer free shipping at low order amount qualifiers you can consider using USPS. Using regular mail offers advantages over the other carriers because it’s a lot cheaper. However, disadvantages are present when using USPS. For example, you don’t get tracking with regular mail. Tracking only comes with Priority mail and even that is close to useless because you only see when it leaves and when it reaches the customer. The lack of visibility of what happens in between can cause customer service nightmares. But, it’s still worth a look if you’re selling non-perishable items and tell customers up front what to expect.

Look at your packaging materials. Can you cut down on your box dimensions, the type of dunnage used, and if product can be shipped without a box. The later is a perfect opportunity for apparel retailers and book retailers to use biodegradable plastic shipping wrappers because it can be folded down to nearly the exact dimensions of the product and is much lighter than using a box and dunnage.

When marketing your free shipping promotion be sure to use some real life cues to help get your message across. By shopping online your customers can save money (and time) by not traveling to a store and standing in line and they may save on sales tax.